Relationship bonds & Switching Barriers
Relationship Bonds Leonard Berry and A. Parasuraman 2 developed a framework for understanding bonding for customer relationship management (CRM). The framework suggests that relationship marketing can occur at different levels. Each successive level of strategy results in sustained competitive advantage and bonds the customer closer to the firm. The four levels of relationship strategies for bonding customer relationships are: Level 1—Financial Bonds: (a) Volume and frequency rewards, (b) Bundling and cross-selling and (c) Stable pricing. Level 2—Social Bonds: (a) Continuous relationships, (b) Personal relationships and (c) Social bonds among customers. Level 3—Customization Bonds: (a) Customer intimacy, (b) Mass customization and (c) Anticipation/innovation. Level 4—Structural Bonds: (a) Shared processes and equipment, (b) Joint investments and (c) Integrated information systems. Relationship marketing u...